Finance, Credit, Investments – Economical Categories

Scientific factory in the hypotheses of finances and credit, according to the specification of the disquisition object, are characterized to be beaucoup-sided and beaucoup- leveled.holdingbolag sverige

The depiction of aggregate of the economizing relations formed in the process of arrangement, distribution and application of finances, as capitalist sources is universally spread. For case, in ” the general hypothesis of finances ” there are two depictions of finances
. 1) “. Finances reflect thrifty relations, setup of the wherewithal of plutocrat sources, in the process of distribution and partition of public scores according to the distribution and use “. This sketch is given like to the conditions of Capitalism, when cash- commodity relations gain universal character;
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2) ” Finances represent the setup of centralized posting decentralized plutocrat sources, thrifty relations like with the distribution and use, which serve for fulfillment of the state functions and scores and also provision of the conditions of the widened other work “. This sketch is brought without showing the surroundings of its action. We participate partially similar explanation of finances and suppose wise to make some specification.
First, finances overcome the bounds of distribution and separation service of the public income, though it’s a underlying foundation of finances. Also, setup and use of the put-down fund which is the part of pocket terrain, belongs not to the distribution and separation of the public income (of of new formed value during a vintage), but to the distribution of before developed value.

This ultimate first appears to be a part of value of main raw wherewithal, thereafter it’s moved to the cost price of a ready product (that that is to the value too) and after its pass, and it’s set the depression fund. Its source is taken into account before hand as a depression kind in the viscosity of the ready products go price.
Second, main point of finances is significant wider either ” fulfillment of the state functions and liabilities and provision of conditions for the widened more thing “. Finances subsist on the state standing and also on the manufactures and branches’ standing too, and in resemblant conditions, when the ultimate part of the manufactures aren’t state.

V.M. Rodionova has a different position about this subject ” real setout of the pecuniary pocket begins on the stage of distribution, when the value is realized and concrete sparing forms of the realized value are separated from the viscidity of the profit “.V.M. Rodionova makes an underscoring of finances, as distributing relations, whenD.S. Moliakov underlines imitation foundation of finances. Though both of them give like substantiate discussion of finances, as a system of setout, distribution and application of the bankroll of Croesus sources, that comes out of the following depiction of the finances ” dollars-and-cents cash relations, which forms in the process of distribution and reapportionment of the partial value of the civil wealth and total social product, is related with the subjects of the husbandry and arrangement and application of the state cash affluences and savings in the widened additional fruit, in the material stimulation of the workers for satisfaction of the society social and other requests “.
In the handbooks of the political husbandry we meet with the coming descriptions of finances
” Finances of the socialistic state represent frugal (cash cash) relations, with the help of which, in the way of planned distribution of the fluxes and savings the coffers of Croesus sources of the state and socialistic manufactures are formed for guaranteeing the growth of the product, rising the material and artistic rung of the people and for satisfying other general society requests “.
” The system of creation and operation of necessary pocket of cash fund for guarantying socialistic widened farther product represent exactly the finances of the socialistic society. And the summation of scrimping relations arisen between state, manufactures and institutes, branches, regions and separate citizen according to the movement of cash pocket make pecuniary relations “.
As we have seen, portrayals of finances made by financiers and political economists don’t differ greatly.

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In every bandied position there are

1) expression of nature and miracle in the picture of finances;
2) the picture of finances, as the system of the creation and exercise of exchequer of cash sources on the rank of miracle.

3) Distribution of finances as social product and the value of civil income, picture of the distributions planned character, main ideas of the penny-pinching and provident relations, for servicing of which it’s used.
Notwithstanding, we may say, that it still keeps actuality, If refuse the preposition ” socialistic ” in the vignette of finances. We meet with suchlike traditional vignettes of finances, without an adjective ” socialistic “, in the up-to-the-minute thrifty literature. We may give such an interpretation ” finances represent cash wherewithal of yield and use, also cash relations appeared in the process of distributing values of formed thrifty product and public wealth for setup and other yield of the cash inrushes and savings of the thrifty subjects and state, satisfying of the workers and satisfaction of the social requests “. in this interpretation of finances likeD.S. Moliakov andV.M. Rodionov’s vignettes, following the traditional patrimony, we meet with the widening of the fiscal foundation. They concern ” distribution and allocation of the value of created provident product, also the partial distribution of the value of civil wealth “. This hindmost is really existent, like to the process of privatization and the transition to secludedness and is periodically used in practice in different countries, for illustration, Great Britain and France.

” Finances-are cash sources, fiscal exchequer, their creation and movement, distribution and allocation, exercise, also provident relations, which are conditioned by intercalculations between the provident subjects, movement of cash sources, Croesus roll and exercise “.
” Finances are the system of provident relations, which are connected with concern creation, distribution and exercise of fiscal exchequer “.

We meet with absolutely inventive portrayals of finances inZ. Body andR. Merton’s groundwork textbooks. ” Finance-it’s the lore about how the people lead spending the pinch cash fund and influxes in the definite period of time. The pecuniary judgments are characterized by the expenditures and influxes which are 1) separated in time, and 2) as a rule, it’s unattainable to take them into account beforehand neither by those who get judgments nor any other person “. ” Financial supposition consists of figuring of the notions. which learns fully the subjects of distribution of the cash fund like to the time factor; it also considers quantitative models, with the help of which the estimation, putting into practice and consummation of the nonelective variants of every pecuniary judgments take place “.

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